Khatai Danial

Iran’s First “Pivot to ASEAN” in 1997–1999: Contexts and Results

ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ, 2025, №3(68), 322-334

 
Annotation: The article examines Iran’s first “pivot to ASEAN” in 1997–1999, when Tehran sought to establish a strategic presence in Southeast Asia. It analyzes the reasons behind this course, including the breakdown of relations with Europe after the Mykonos trial, U.S. sanctions, and the search for new foreign policy directions. The pivot unfolded in two phases: activation in spring 1997 and expansion during the early presidency of Mohammad Khatami, marked by proposals for joint energy and logistics projects and Iran’s application for ASEAN Sectoral Dialogue Partner status. Particular attention is paid to ASEAN’s cautious response, balancing interest in cooperation with concerns over regional instability and external pressure. The study concludes that, despite limited outcomes, this period served as the starting point for Iran’s long-term engagement with Southeast Asia.

Keywords: Iran, ASEAN, Southeast Asia, foreign policy, sanctions, energy, logistics